Neuropathic diabetic foot: This form results from nerve damage due to persistently high blood sugar levels. It affects the sensory, motor, and autonomic nerves, leading to decreased sensation and altered foot structure. Without adequate sensation in the feet, sufferers are more likely to develop ulcers, particularly at pressure points such as the soles of the feet.

Neuroischemic diabetic foot: This condition results from poor blood circulation due to narrowed or blocked arteries. It significantly reduces blood supply to the foot, making the tissues more vulnerable to injury, infection, and gangrene.
Why does diabetic foot develop? The root causes of diabetic foot lie in the long-term effects of diabetes, primarily nerve damage and poor circulation.

In type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas, causing a sudden rise in blood sugar.

Without proper insulin management, this excess glucose damages blood vessels and nerves, particularly in the legs and feet.

Ulcers and blisters tend to form on pressure-bearing areas, such as the soles of the feet and between the toes. If left untreated, these sores can worsen and spread infection, possibly requiring aggressive treatment.

Early Warning Signs
Diabetic foot often presents with subtle symptoms that should not be ignored. These include:

Unusual warmth in one foot
Numbness or decreased sensitivity to heat, touch, or pain
Tingling or tingling sensations
Open sores, cuts, or wounds that heal slowly
Treatment and Prevention
Injury prevention is the cornerstone of diabetic foot care. Daily foot inspection is essential: use a mirror or ask for help if necessary.

Any wound, even minor, should be cleaned and monitored closely to prevent infection.

In cases of severe tissue damage, amputation may be necessary. This is a last resort, highlighting the importance of early intervention and prevention.

To avoid this stage, adopt proactive habits:

Keep your feet clean and dry
Wear well-fitting, breathable shoes
Choose socks made of natural fibers
Avoid walking barefoot or wearing shoes that are too tight
Do not treat foot problems yourself; consult a specialist, especially for nail care.